Polar to Rectangular Coordinate Converter
Polar to Rectangular Coordinate Converter
Every point in a plane can be described two ways: rectangular coordinates (x, y), or polar coordinates (r, θ) — a distance from the origin and an angle measured from the positive x-axis. Enter either pair below and the other is calculated instantly.
Rectangular
Polar
Type into either pair — the other updates automatically.
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What do the symbols mean?
| x, y | Rectangular (Cartesian) coordinates |
| r | Distance from the origin |
| θ | Angle from the positive x-axis |
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Understanding the Main Trigonometric Functions
The trigonometric functions — also called circular or goniometric functions — are functions of an angle that relate the angles of a right triangle to the lengths of its sides. They're central to the study of triangles and to modeling periodic phenomena (waves, oscillations, rotation), among many other applications in physics, engineering and geometry.
Every value below is computed from a triangle inscribed in the unit circle — sine and cosine are the vertical and horizontal legs of that triangle, and the other four functions (tangent, secant, cosecant, cotangent) are ratios built from them. Drag the point around the circle to see how each ratio changes with the angle. A handful of angles (0°, 90°, 180°, 270°, 360°) make one of those ratios divide by zero — those are undefined rather than a nonsensical number.
Other Trigonometric Calculators
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